Cacao is an evergreen tree whose scientific name means “food of the gods”. Its fruits are the source of chocolate.

The fruit is a football-shaped pod up to 30 cm long. The pod has a hard shell and is typically yellow or orange, sometimes red and green when ripe. It contains 20-60 seeds encased in a sweet white pulp. In contrast, the raw seeds taste bitter.

The seeds are known as “beans” and contain a stimulant compound like caffeine. To produce chocolate, the beans are fermented and dried, then processed into cocoa butter. The flavour of the final product depends on the cacao bean’s origin as well as the specific preparation process.

Other uses: wood, medicine

Cacao is an evergreen tree whose scientific name means “food of the gods”.

Raw cacao is rich in antioxidants and minerals like magnesium, iron, and copper.

The fruit is a football-shaped pod up to 30 cm long.

The cacao tree was first domesticated at least 5,300 years ago in South America.


Acknowledgements

Council thanks the Friends of Sugarworld Gardens (FOSG) for their support in compiling this plant information. FOSG members and volunteers are involved with a variety of gardening activities such as general garden detailing, pruning the orchard, weeding and mulching. Read more about FOSG.

Last Updated: 10 December 2025

Latest News > All News

New Cairns airport bus cleared for takeoff

Travelling from Cairns airport into the CBD will now be a streamlined experience with the new Route 100 service taking...

Community & Lifestyle
3 November 2026

New Director Planning Growth and Sustainability

Cairns Regional Council has appointed Doug Scott as its new Director Planning, Growth and Sustainability, bringing more than 15 years...

General Updates
28 October 2026

Opportunities for Cairns to support new initiatives

Delivering value for residents and ratepayers, improving community safety, unlocking housing with long-term investment, and ensuring Cairns’ growth are at...

Business & Economy
28 October 2026